Templum Pacis as a Symbol of Victory in Flavian Rome
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34767/TH.2023.13.03Keywords:
Templum Pacis, Vespasian, Judean War, triumph, spoilsAbstract
The construction of the Templum Pacis, a temple dedicated to the goddess Pax in the centre of ancient Rome, was part of a series of actions undertaken by Vespasian and Titus on the eve of the rule of the new dynasty, the main goal of which was to legitimize the elevation of both to the imperial throne. They followed the path indicated by emperor Augustus, who at the beginning of his reign faced similar challenges and dilemmas. Vespasian’s behaviour was strictly in line with the Roman tradition, which assumed that peace was a great value, but only if it was the Roman peace (pax Romana) or the imperial peace (pax Augusti) during the imperial era. It should be the fruit of military success, while the opponent ought to be forced to complete submission and surrendered to the mercy of the victors. Only such peace was worth promoting and could become the ideological basis of rule of the new imperial house. Templum Pacis has become a place where the most important spoils of war plundered in previous years in the province were displayed, which made it, despite its name, a symbol of the Roman empire.
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