Notes on the perception of civilisational changes and their consequences

Abstract

This article presents methodological reflections on the meaning of the term civilisational change, which is linked to social development. I see civilisation as a stage reached by a particular society due to the development of its material culture. This development is also reflected in the transformations taking place in the sphere of spiritual culture. The word development is generally associated with changes leading to better, not worse state of the social system. However, it is advisable not to use this word in research in an evaluative sense, but in a descriptive sense. This is due to the fact that social development is a directional process, the effects of which can be considered positive for some reasons, and negatively for others. Taking this into consideration its character can be either progressive or regressive